In Commonwealth of Pennsylvania v. President of the United States, the Third Circuit Court of Appeal stated that the Trump administration’s rules expanding employer exemptions to the contraceptive mandate for religious or moral objections were not enforceable. Specifically, the final rules failed to follow the proper administrative procedures for enacting rules, because no public comment period was offered. Additionally, the court stated that the rules were not authorized by law, making them arbitrary, capricious, and an abuse of discretion.

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