Ohio: New Pay Stub Transparency Requirements

APPLIES TO

All Employers with Employees in OH

EFFECTIVE

April 9, 2025

QUESTIONS?

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Quick Look

  • Ohio employers must provide written or electronic pay statements each pay period on regular paydays that include required information.

Discussion:

Effective April 9, 2025, Ohio employers must comply with the Pay Stub Protection Act. The law requires all employers in the state to provide a written or electronic pay statement each pay period on regular paydays. The statement must include the following:

 

  • The employee’s earnings and deductions;
  • The employer’s name;
  • The total gross wages earned by the employee during the pay period;
  • The total net wages paid to the employee for the pay period;
  • A listing of the amount and purpose of each addition to or deduction from the wages paid to the employee during the pay period; and
  • The date the employee was paid and the pay period covered by that payment.

 

For hourly employees, this also includes:

 

  • The total number of hours the employee worked in that pay period;
  • The hourly wage rate at which the employee was paid; and
  • The employee’s hours worked in excess of 40 hours in one workweek.

 

Failure to provide the statement may result in investigation by the Ohio director of commerce and issuance of a notice of violation.

 

Action Items

  1. Review the Act here.
  2. Update payroll process to include requirements on pay stubs.
  3. Have appropriate personnel trained on the requirements.

Disclaimer: This document is designed to provide general information and guidance concerning employment-related issues. It is presented with the understanding that ManagEase is not engaged in rendering any legal opinions. If a legal opinion is needed, please contact the services of your own legal adviser. © 2025 ManagEase

Virginia: New High-Risk Artificial Intelligence Developer and Deployer Act

APPLIES TO

Employers with Employees in VA

EFFECTIVE

July 1, 2026

QUESTIONS?

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Quick Look

  • Virginia’s HB 2094 will impose regulations on businesses developing or deploying “high-risk” AI systems, requiring transparency, risk assessments, and documentation of system limitations.

Discussion:

On February 20, 2024, the Virginia General Assembly passed the High-Risk Artificial Intelligence (AI) Developer and Deployer Act (HB 2094). If signed by Governor Glenn Youngkin, effective July 1, 2026, Virginia would become the next U.S. state to implement a broad framework regulating AI use, particularly in high-risk applications.

 

The law applies to both developers and deployers of high-risk AI systems, with “developers” being organizations that create or modify high-risk AI systems, and “deployers” using these systems for consequential decisions regarding Virginia residents. High-risk systems include machine-learning-based systems that (1) serve as the principal basis for consequential decisions, meaning they operate without human oversight, and (2) that are explicitly intended to autonomously make or substantially influence such decisions.

 

HB 2094 establishes a duty of care for AI system developers, requiring them to document any known limitations of their systems. Deployers are also tasked with ensuring transparency, including disclosing any algorithmic risks and conducting impact assessments. The law outlines that generated synthetic content from high-risk AI, such as audio, images, text, and videos, must be identifiable and detectable using industry-standard tools.

 

Enforcement of HB 2094 is overseen by the Virginia Attorney General, who can impose fines ranging from $1,000 for each violation to $10,000 for willful violations. However, businesses are granted a 45-day “right to cure” period before formal penalties are applied. The law also provides a process for enforcement, including the issuance of civil investigative demands. There is no private right of action under HB 2094, meaning only the Attorney General can pursue violations.

 

For employers in Virginia, compliance with HB 2094 will require assessing how AI is used in consequential decision-making processes that affect employees, ensuring transparency, and implementing necessary disclosures and impact assessment procedures.

 

Action Items

  1. Review use of AI systems in the workplace and prepare for future compliance obligations.

Disclaimer: This document is designed to provide general information and guidance concerning employment-related issues. It is presented with the understanding that ManagEase is not engaged in rendering any legal opinions. If a legal opinion is needed, please contact the services of your own legal adviser. © 2025 ManagEase

Washington: Supreme Court Limits Moonlighting Restrictions

APPLIES TO

All Employers with Employees in WA

EFFECTIVE

January 23, 2025

QUESTIONS?

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  • On January 23, 2025, the Supreme Court of Washington severely restricted the limitations employers could place on low wage employees by way of “moonlighting” polices or duty of loyalty provisions.
  • Employers who wish to include such provisions must narrowly draft them when it comes to low wage workers.

Discussion:

On January 23, 2025, the Supreme Court of Washington severely restricted the limitations employers could place on low wage employees by way of “moonlighting” polices or duty of loyalty provisions. In David v. Freedom Vans LLC, two former employees sued their employer on behalf of a class of employees that were subject to a noncompete agreement prohibiting them from “directly or indirectly engaging in any business that competes” with the employer. The employees had to decline additional work in order to not violate the noncompete agreement.

 

Washington’s RCW 49.62 prohibits employers from restricting low wage employees from “having an additional job, supplementing their income by working for another employer, working as an independent contractor, or being self-employed.” Low wage employees are defined as those making less than twice the minimum hourly wage ($33.32 per hour or $69,305 per year in 2025). There is an exception to preserve the common law duty of loyalty to employers, so such provisions and anti-moonlighting provisions have continued to be included in noncompete agreements.

 

Lower courts have upheld the right to include such provisions. However, the state Supreme Court found that a blanket provision to prohibit working for competitors would undermine legislative intent to allow low wage employees to supplement their income. Employers who wish to include such provisions must narrowly draft them when it comes to low wage workers. Going forward, the lower courts are instructed to evaluate the reasonableness of duty of loyalty or anti-moonlighting provisions on a case-by-case basis.

 

Action Items

  1. Review duty of loyalty and anti-moonlighting restrictions for low wage workers with legal counsel.

Disclaimer: This document is designed to provide general information and guidance concerning employment-related issues. It is presented with the understanding that ManagEase is not engaged in rendering any legal opinions. If a legal opinion is needed, please contact the services of your own legal adviser. © 2025 ManagEase

March Updates

APPLIES TO

Varies

EFFECTIVE

Varies

QUESTIONS?

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H-1B Registration Process Updates

The H-1B registration process for FY 2026 is open from March 7 until 12 p.m. ET on March 24. The annual cap remains at 85,000 with 20,000 reserved for U.S. master’s degree holders. The U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) will continue last year’s beneficiary-focused selection process to prevent multiple registrations for the same individual by different employers. Employers must create an organizational account to register each beneficiary electronically. Registration fees increased from $10 to $215 per registration. Selection notifications will be sent to user accounts by the end of March 2025. USCIS also made some improvements to the registration process. Paralegals can now work with multiple attorneys under a single account, and legal representatives can now easily add paralegals to company client accounts. Certain fields on Form I-129 now pre-populate using data from select H-1B registrations. Lastly, employers and legal representatives can prepare a spreadsheet of H-1B beneficiary data and upload the information to pre-populate Form I-129.

 

Arkansas: Ban on Physician Noncompete Agreements

On March 4, 2025, Arkansas Governor Sarah Huckabee Sanders signed SB 139 which amends the state’s noncompete law to prohibit non-compete covenants that “restrict the right of a physician to practice within the physician’s scope of practice.” The term “physician” includes any person authorized or licensed to practice medicine under the Arkansas Medical Practice Act and any person licensed to practice osteopathy under Arkansas law. The Act will take effect 90 days after adjournment of the current legislative session, likely resulting in a mid-July 2025 effective date.

 

San Francisco, CA: 2024 Employer Reporting Starting in April!

Employers covered by the San Francisco Health Care Security Ordinance and/or the Fair Chance Ordinance must submit the 2024 Employer Annual Reporting Form no later than May 2, 2025, or be subject to a penalty of $500 per quarter. The Employer Annual Reporting Form will be available on April 1, 2025. Review the San Francisco Office of Labor Standards Enforcement website for more information.

 

Iowa: Child Labor Penalties Reduced

Starting February 12, 2025, a rule change in Iowa will reduce penalties for businesses that violate child labor laws regarding working hours and conditions. The fine for each violation, such as allowing children to work too long or during prohibited hours, is now $2,500, down from the previous $10,000. While the maximum fine remains $10,000, penalties accumulate for each violation, increasing the total fine based on the number of infractions. Businesses with fewer than 25 employees also receive a 35% reduction in any penalties, up from the previous 25% reduction.

 

Maryland: Proposed Extension for Paid Family and Medical Leave Insurance Program

The Maryland Department of Labor (MDOL) has proposed delaying the May 2025 start of the Family and Medical Leave Insurance Program (FAMLI). Under the proposal, payroll deductions would begin January 1, 2027, and benefits would become available January 1, 2028. MDOL cites the instability and uncertainty around changes at the federal level for Maryland federal contractors and those who receive federal funding for the need to delay FAMLI implementation. MDOL estimates approximately 225,000 civilian jobs are directly impacted by federal contracts and funding and implementing FAMLI in May would add to additional financial uncertainly for employers and employees. The proposed delay requires legislative approval, so employers should continue to monitor MDOL’s website for updates.

 

New York: Amendments to the Retail Worker Safety Act

New amendments to New York’s Retail Worker Safety Act (RWSA), introduce several key changes that affect employer compliance obligations. Retail employers will now have until June 2, 2025, to implement a written workplace violence prevention policy and conduct violence prevention training, a delay from the previous March 3 deadline. The law also replaces the panic button requirement with “silent response buttons” for larger retailers (those with 500 or more employees statewide), which alert internal staff rather than law enforcement. Employers with fewer than 50 employees will be relieved from annual training requirements, needing to conduct violence prevention training only upon hire and once every two years thereafter. Additionally, the amendments will require the New York Department of Labor (NY DOL) to issue workplace violence prevention policy templates in both English and the 12 most common non-English languages spoken in New York. Employers should begin preparing for compliance by assessing workplace risks, developing violence prevention plans, and ensuring proper training protocols are in place, with larger retailers needing to evaluate the necessity for silent response buttons.

 


Disclaimer: This document is designed to provide general information and guidance concerning employment-related issues. It is presented with the understanding that ManagEase is not engaged in rendering any legal opinions. If a legal opinion is needed, please contact the services of your own legal adviser. © 2025 ManagEase